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Secure Multi‑Party Computation
Encryption
Cryptographic protocols that allow parties to jointly compute a function while keeping inputs private.
Definition
SMPC splits inputs into shares and uses interactive protocols so no single party learns others’ raw data beyond what the output reveals. Security depends on adversary model, communication assumptions, and implementation.
In plain English
Cryptographic protocols that allow parties to jointly compute a function while keeping inputs private.
Why this matters
Why it matters: It enables privacy-preserving collaboration and reduces centralized data pooling, which lowers breach impact.
Example
Example: Multiple hospitals compute a model metric across datasets without exchanging patient-level records.